Effectively Communicating in an Interpersonal Relationship Free Essays

Micro Business Economics Philip Morris

Question: Examine about the Micro Business Economics by Philip Morris. Answer: (1) Cigarette Advertising The benefit (result) of Philip Morris = $1 * 4 billion * [AP/(AP + AR)] AP The benefit (result) of R. J. Reynolds = $1 * 4 billion * [AR/(AP + AR)] AR There are 4 degrees of promoting: $200 million, $400 million, $600 million and $800 million. (a) The result grid for this publicizing game is: Reynolds Philip $200 million $400 million $600 million $800 million $200 million 1800 , 1800 1133.3 , 2266.7 800 , 2400 600 , 2400 $400 million 2266.67 , 1133.33 1600 , 1600 1200 , 1800 933.33 , 1866.67 $600 million 2400 , 800 1800 , 1200 1400 , 1400 1114.29 , 1485.71 $800 million 2400 , 600 1866.67 , 933.33 1485.71 , 1114.29 1200 , 1200 In the result grid, the main segment of every cell speaks to the result of Philip Morris and the subsequent segment speaks to the result of R.J. Reynolds. The adjustments are as far as million dollars. (Varian, 2009) (b) There is just a single Nash equilibria in the promoting game. It is when both Philip Morris and R.J. Reynolds are burning through $800 million dollar each on publicizing. It is the main result which is commonly valuable to both and is thus Nash equilibria. The result to each is $1200 million under the Nash Equilibria. (Pindyck and Rubinfeld, 2009) (c) When it gets infeasible for the cigarette organizations to burn through $800 million on promoting because of the administration boycott, the greatest publicizing cost will be $600 million. The subsequent result network is appeared as follows: Reynolds Philip $200 million $400 million $600 million $200 million 1800 , 1800 1133.3 , 2266.7 800 , 2400 $400 million 2266.67 , 1133.33 1600 , 1600 1200 , 1800 $600 million 2400 , 800 1800 , 1200 1400 , 1400 The Nash balance in the new promoting game is produced when both Philip Morris and R.J Reynolds burn through $600 million on publicizing. The result to each will be $1400 million. (Varian, 2009) Under the boycott, the result of both Philip Morris and R.J Reynold is $1400 million. Consequently, their result is expanding because of the boycott. In this way, they are both happier from the boycott. References: Pindyck, R. furthermore, Rubinfeld, D. (2009). Micreconomics. seventh ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Varian, H. (2009). Halfway Microeconomics: A Modern Approach. eighth ed. New York: W. W. Norton Company.

Late Again Essays - Rick Grimes, , Term Papers

Late Again The mists had moved in before that night. It was exceptionally bleak climate, however it wasn't coming down yet. Rick and Jodie let their fifteen-year-old little girl go to a gathering that night. She had a check in time however she was late?again. They were sitting at the kitchen table having a conversation, and hanging tight for the moment she strolled through the entryway. ?Damn her, she realizes that her time limitation was at 12 PM and it's now three, this is the last time she goes to a gathering,? he said as he stood up and strolled around the kitchen. ?In any case, Rick cried Jodie. ?No buts, she's done this one too often.? ?Give her one increasingly possibility.? Jodie argued, tailing him as he paced to and fro. ?No! You give her an arm and she takes an exorbitant price.? ?On the off chance that we continue letting her do this, she will.? ?Look Rick, we'll ground her for seven days, she'll get familiar with her exercise.? ?Jodie we've experienced this previously, and look, where is she now He said as he glanced through the window. ?We never restrained her; we have to get harder, what she need is a decent ass beating, similar to your dad gave you.? ?Don't you dare contact her!? She cautioned. ?She needs to gain proficiency with her exercise; she has to realize that she won't make a numb-skull of me.? ?So you think misuse is going to help Asked Jodie. ?Indeed, we'll never know until we attempt.? ?You'll go to prison you know, she'll call the police and you'll go to prison, are you ready to chance that Jodie was asking Rick as the lights came up the garage. ?There she is, simply pause, simply hold up till she strolls through the entryway.? Said Rick as he was removing his belt like a horsewhip. ?Rick, if it's not too much trouble (Noisy thumps at the entryway) They delayed, they take a gander at one another with the most baffled appearances, and afterward they continue to open the entryway. ?Are you the guardians of?Janelle Marquez Unwillingly asked the cop. Jodie started crying wildly. ?Indeed, what?happened Asked Rick, fearing the appropriate response ?is?she alright ?Well?, said the official. (A long interruption) ?She?the?the witnesses state, that she was drinking intensely?, the official proceeded, ?they said that no one needed to bring her home.? ?So she started to stroll to arrive on schedule.? Rick at that point additionally started crying, feeling regretful for intuition his girl had purposely acted against his desires. ?In transit home,? said the official, ?a man, a Mexican-American man halted her?. ?I'm heartbroken; she?was fiercely assaulted and left for dead.? ?No?no?no?no,? Jodie cried. ?Is she alive Asked Rick attempting to be solid, sitting tight for the reaction. ?Indeed, she's at St. Agnes clinical focus, yet I need to caution you that she was choked and cut various occasions, she's in a coma, they've had a go at everything and they don't think she'll endure the night.? ?Goodness and one more thing, she is five months pregnant.? ?I'm profoundly heartbroken, presently in the event that you'll pardon me.? Rick started crying like there was no tomorrow. He tumbled to the floor, and gazed toward the cop. What's more, similarly as the official glanced back at him, the downpour started pouring down as though somebody of a higher wellspring of life felt the distress he and Jodie were encountering and was additionally crying with them. Experimental writing

Elimination of Ethnic and Religious Discrimination Essay

The word separation can be characterized as, â€Å"treatment or thought of, or making a qualification for or against, someone or something dependent on the gathering, class, or classification to which that individual or thing has a place as opposed to on individual merit.† One enormous sort of segregation in the realm of today is strict and ethnic separation. Strict and ethnic separation is the point at which somebody victimizes someone else dependent on their strict convictions or foundation and their ethnicity. Tragically, strict and ethnic separation are issues which stretch over the globe and happen in pretty much every nation. One of the most notable instances of strict separation was the Holocaust. For those of you who might be new to it, the Holocaust was the slaughter of around 6,000,000 European Jews and a large number of others during World War II. The Holocaust was driven by Nazi-pioneer Adolf Hitler; he segregated and disdained the Jews just in light of the fact that they were Jewish. Instead of really becoming acquainted with any of them and afterward making a decision about their character once he was more acquainted with them, he made a shallow judgment, chose he disdained them, began to oppress them, and in the long run drove the Holocaust. He only disdained and oppressed them on account of their religion, paying little mind to who they truly were, that it unadulterated strict segregation. A notable case of ethnic separation is the isolation that happened in the USA during the twentieth century, all the more explicitly the right on time to mid twentieth century. Isolation is, â€Å"the implemented partition of various racial gatherings in a nation, network, or establishment.† Schools, living properties, and even play area are simply little not many of the huge sum that was isolated around then. Despite the fact that this appointment isn't satisfied to state it, there is strict and ethnic segregation in Tunisia also. Tunisian vocalist Salah Misbah says that he is continually victimized in light of the dim shade of his skin, probably having been called names, for example, â€Å"a grimy slave†. There are likewise a few instances of strict separation in the constitution of Tunisia. It pronounces the country’s assurance to stick to the lessons of Islam, specifies that Islam is the official state religion, and that the President be Muslim, accordingly victimizing all who are not Muslim. Additionally, The Government doesn't allow the foundation of ideological groups based on religion and restricts converting, which means endeavoring to change over somebody to your confidence, by non-Muslims. Tunisia perceives that separation of any sort isn't right, particularly these two, and, hence invites the potential answers for this issue. Albeit strict and ethnic separation may appear to be a troublesome issue to deal with, there are arrangements. Shameful segregation of any sort can ordinarily be connected with poor instruction. On the off chance that kids are shown well different conventions, religions, and societies they are more averse to oppress individuals of those foundations. Another, somewhat harsher, conceivable arrangement could be for the legislature to embrace a no-resistance approach corresponding to strict and racial wrongdoings. Out of dread of being rebuffed, it may deter the individuals who are slanted to carry out strict and racial violations. Taking everything into account, if the vital instruction is given, and laws or resistance polices set up, it might diminish the measure of strict and ethnic segregation around the world. Tragically, attempt as we may it appears as though strict and ethnic segregation are issues which may never be completely and totally killed and destroyed, yet that won't stop Tunisia, and ideally the remainder of the UN, from attempting our best to do as such! Sources: http://dictionary.reference.com/peruse/segregation http://www.politicsforum.org/gathering/viewtopic.php?f=32&t=124377 http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90222.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Holocaust http://dictionary.reference.com/peruse/isolation

T.S. Eliots Four Quartets free essay sample

An assessment of how T. S. Eliots arrangement of sonnets, 'Four Quartets' represent individuals in an astronomical way. This paper examines widespread cognizance versus singular awareness in T. S. Eliots sonnets Four Quartets. He cites entire verses from these sonnets. He examines the cutoff points forced by language of human undertakings in The Dry Salvages talking about how the writers life is constantly a piece of a bigger human cognizance, opposite God and languishing. 'In the event that there is vagueness to Eliots graceful task of endeavoring to exemplify the restrictions of human undertakings into the constrained mode of human language, this is increased much further in The Dry Salvages. The third segment of the sonnet is incomprehensibly committed to water and otherworldly dryness. The stream is called valuable, but then additionally deceitful. Water is liquid, yet mirrors the steady otherworldly dullness of human life'

The Four Signs of Emotionally Unavailable Men

The Four Signs of Emotionally Unavailable Men As human beings, each of us is a pool of emotionsâ€" and any changes to this pool influence our behavior. To the extreme, excessive emotions can fuel psychological problems like anxiety, depression, or drug and alcohol abuse.Ladies, have you ever had a partner whose words did not match his actions? Have you met a man who loves the chase; but once you respond positively, he stops calling.Or a male partner who is in a relationship with you and with someone else at the same? All of this sounds ridiculous, right? But you might also find it to be irritating and heartbreaking.Warning â€" you might have an emotionally unavailable man on your hands. So, what then? Often you are left with a confused mind â€" not knowing how to handle the situation. Continue reading for signs and ideas on how to deal with an emotionally unavailable man.Although being in a relationship with such man does not involve physical assault by default, it is detrimental to your mental health and feelings (heart and min d), so pay close attention.EMOTIONAL UNAVAILABILITY IS A REALITY OF LIFEFirstly, let’s define what emotional unavailability is.Does it mean the same as emotional ignorance?Not really.Emotionally unavailable people do not even realize their emotional state â€" regardless of whether they are ignorant or intelligent. Among the things they know and recognize is that they are right, fine, and need attention.In most cases, they will not value or pay attention to your concerns or they will only criticize you. Such people expect to be cared for, yet there is no way you can do that because they simply will not allow you to.In the case you are in a relationship with an emotionally unavailable man, just one small question or comment from you regarding any of his actions could ruin it all.He can simply put an end to your speech by telling you a phrase along the lines of, “I don’t like the way you speak with food in your mouth,” or “I’ll handle that” if you have a concern that need s to be addressed.He would not want to speak about the issue at hand â€" no matter how hard you try.Who on Earth would not love to be listened to?Communication makes us better people in our families, marriages, and social groups. But when communication break-down happens the then relationship slowly starts to die. The most common reason for this is one of the partners becoming emotionally unavailable.It literally means “communication death” because one partner (the emotionally unavailable one) deprives the other of the right to expression thus lowering the victim’s self-confidence, and this is where confusion and desperation sets in.Emotional unavailability affects both partners in a relationship regardless of what kind of relations is in question. But have you ever wondered what are the possible causes for this seemingly destructive emotion? WHAT MAKES A MAN EMOTIONALLY UNAVAILABLE?Just like any natural phenomena, emotional unavailability in men can be caused by several natur al factors which include:Poor role models â€" Men’s behaviors (especially the social aspect â€" that entails communication skills) are greatly influenced by the people they look up to as role models. For instance, their fathers. If the role model exhibited negative characters, then chances are that the man (or the boy) will foster the same destructive characters that led to his role model becoming emotionally unavailable. Such a man will often have trouble communicating his feelings, especially to their spouse.The society â€" Men are viewed to be powerful, strong and (if you like) unapproachable individuals. Even as a small boy, he is expected not to be crying over any small issue because “crying is for girls”â€" this is what you will always hear from the society. This, together with other factors (that promote improper socialization) harms a man’s ability to connect with others at an intimate emotional level.Traumatic encounters/experiences â€" Traumatic events prevent one from outgrowing their fears. This factor alone is enough to prevent a man from being there for you in your relationship since it deters him from acknowledging his feelings and problems as well.Undeserving response to emotions â€" As indicated earlier, the society expects men to be problem/issue solvers and not the other way around. This means that they are not supposed to share their issues or experiences as this would be a sign of defeat or cowardice. You can almost imagine how this culture has enormous effects on the man’s social life â€" specifically on their long-lasting relationships like marriage.SIGNS OF EMOTIONAL UNAVAILABILITY IN RELATIONSHIPSBeing in a relationship with an emotionally unavailable individual does you more harm than good because this leaves you frustrated, full of pain and lonely.By being unavailable emotionally, it means he is absent in every aspect of your relationship because emotions are what make the connection between two humans.Going by this alone, it essentially means that there will be no emotional connection between the two of you thus, leading to a “dead relationship”.Often referred to as “defense mechanism,” emotional unavailability negatively impacts relationships. It takes a severe toll on your self-esteem (as the victim).This type of men will always have an excuse to justify their behavior. For instance, because he is avoiding your company (they will often do this to avoid intimacy between the two of you) he will offer excuses such as:Staying up in the office till late.Always hanging out with friends.Always on business trips.Blaming you for anything and everything.Constantly making fun of you.Using sarcasm or unpleasant tone of voice.Saying phrases with conditions: “If you don’t, I’ll-“ and “I love you, but-. “He would do any or all these just to avoid you or make you feel unwanted â€" to push you away. Also, be on the lookout for the following common signs of emotionally unavailable men:1. They exh ibit robot-like characteristicsIt does sound funny, right? If this is your man, then the truth is that he keeps you guessing about his feelings given that regardless of whether he is happy, sad or tired he exhibits similar characteristics.Personally, I think this is torture â€" psychological torture for that matter. As a human being, you cannot read one’s mind, although they say it is possible for soul mates â€" this does not work to a great extent.Any time you raise an issue, it hits a dead end with no constructive feedback. Sometimes this ends up in an anger-filled yell. By the way, such people only express emotions through anger â€" which is the only emotion you can read from them. Other than that, they are always “fine”.It is unimaginable how the lack of proper communication can be detrimental to your relationship considering that the role of communication is to address the parties’ unfilled needs, and in this case, one party is not willing (due to several factors which may include stress, suspicions, and doubts about the relationship).Also, it could be that you are too needy that he feels you only need him to fill some sort of emotional void for you. In this case, he will withdraw and keep things to himself while also avoiding you.2. They are self-centeredEverything they say is about “me”â€" “I need…” “My party…” “My car…”These men consider only what favors them. If you’re saying, “yes, this is him now…” then you must have noticed that he rarely speaks about your areas of interest.For instance, you are home from work, feeling frustrated about how the boss mishandled you back at work. Then here you are trying to share with him hoping that he will offer you encouragement words or some sort of love feeling to cover it all, and then he suddenly gets up from the seat and says, “I’m leaving for my birthday party.”“What? This could be a joke…” â€" how come he didn’t even let you know that he’ll be celebrating his birthday?Always be prepared for big surprises from this kind of men because they plan and do things without putting you in the picture â€" it’s all about what’s convenient for them. Note: They view the relationship as something to serve them.3. They are perfectionistsAnything that proceeds from your mouth will never be good enough for such men. They’ll be ever criticizing everything you do (big or small) and everything about you. But notice that this is just a way to keep them at an emotional distance.Such men can utter annoying statements to include how you eat, dress, walk, talk…they will say, “I don’t like how you eat”, or “Why don’t you dress like so and so” â€" he is always comparing you to others. Then you realize, he’s no longer interested in you.4. Anger is the often-expressed emotion in themYou will never see anything in between their emotions other than anger and the phrase “fine”â€"“I’m fine” or “Everything is fine.” When you get t his as a response, do not insist on putting across your concern. Instead, take back your statement and wait for the right time. You can as well inquire if he is able to engage in constructive discussion.Always ensure that you periodically request for hearing checks for an enhanced communication process.Do not be surprised by how much an emotionally unstable man will be quick to defend himself and pass on the blame to others â€" this is their known trait. It is quite difficult to engage such men in a discussion (knowing well that they are easily aroused to anger). HOW TO HANDLE AN EMOTIONALLY UNAVAILABLE MENIf the man in your life ticked off all the boxes for signs of emotionally unavailable men and you still wish to fight for your relationship, then first things must come first.And that is â€" get to understand yourself and find out what you want out of your relationship. If after your soul-searching and situation analysis you find out that the main reason for your rocky relationshi p is your partner’s emotional unavailability, then you read below for ways how to handle him.The most important thing to do at this point is to try to be respectful and accommodative of your partner. This indeed requires some skills on how to handle the entire process â€" such as:Be patient â€" set yourself a time limit for your patience period. This may not be easy for you especially if you have reached that point of calling it a quit. But if there is still some hope, give it some more time but with a deadline. If the time passed and nothing changes for the better, then you should exit the relationship â€" otherwise, you may wait forever. Simply walk out and stop wasting your time there. Give him space â€" do not push them to open emotionally, as this will only worsen the situation. At this stage, you want to do everything possible to make him share his feelings and concerns with you. So, approach him with at most care â€" keenly craft your statement and deliver it in a respectfu l manner (after getting the permission to do so from him).This tactic can yield unexpected results considering that he may decide to open-up because of his appreciation of you respecting his space.Pay close attention to what he says â€" it is important to listen to what he says directly and indirectly, instead of selectively hearing what you wish to hear from you. Emotionally unavailable men will show you or some will even tell you that they are not interested in making long-term plans with you. In such a case, do not waste your time thinking that he will one day change his mind and commit â€" you will be lying to yourself. Collect yourself and simply move on. Only stay if there is a long-term commitment plan and not a “potential” long-termIn addition,considering trying the following actions before you close this chapter of your life:It is evident that communication is lacking between the two of you at this point, and if it exists, then it is inadequate. To improve your communic ation with such a person, you need to become your true self â€" speak out your heart and feelings with no pretense.If you want him to listen to you, inquire if he has time to listen to you or periodically ask for hearing checks.Willing to learn his needs, feels, or thoughts? Ask â€" but be aware that he may not be able to identify or describe these things considering the already existing harm to his psychological well-being.At times you may wish to share how his unavailability affects you (which seems difficult). You can use these simple steps to do so:First, take note of how you feel around him â€" when you are together.Ask if he is okay with having a constructive discussion.If the response is “Yes,” go ahead and deliver a respectful message like “I always long to be by your side, but sometimes it seems difficult because I can’t figure out your feelings towards me.” or “When you don’t answer my questions, I feel-.”Nevertheless, avoid responses that will degrade your relationship further by triggering the obvious negative reactions. These include statements or actions like:Complaining and criticizing: For instance, “You mean this is how you pay me back after all I’ve done for you?”Questioning: For example, “Why don’t you care about me?” â€"meaning that he is irresponsible and careless (which indicates a negative trait).Judging and name-calling: For instance, “People who care less about their partners are inhuman, don’t you think?”Irritation and resentment: “Is it hard to call and inform me that you’ll be late?”Name tagging â€" Referring to people with undeserving names. For example, “Poor Tom, he is just a poor church mouse.”Slander and gossip â€" “Have you heard that she went to the doctor only to realize that she isn’t pregnant?”.You could be saying now, “But I’ve tried all these to no avail!”. Then do not stay in a relationship with the “I’ll change him” perception. It is not practical to change someone, only they have this power.Be honest with yourself â€" do not say, “I’ll learn to cope with his weaknesses” when deep inside you know perfectly well that you will not do that.A healthy relationship requires a huge investment of time, love and of course being there for one another. To ascertain your decision, ask yourself a simple question “Will I stay happy if things remained the way they are?”.If the answer is no or you are in doubt; then maybe it is time to pack your bags. TO CONCLUDEIn simple terms, emotional unavailability can be described as the impotence and reluctance to express feelings or emotions, thoughts, or needs.It is undeniable that emotional unavailability is hard to deal with, especially on the victim’s side, as it requires a great level of understanding and patience (most individuals tend to give up on after a while).Very few individuals understand and know the contributing factors thus calling for more awareness through writing, physical mobili zation, and through open public forums.If you are in a relationship with an emotionally unavailable man, consider the following summarized ways of how to handle this situation:Learn, adapt and express empathic listeningKeep your true self in charge â€" do not pretend to be what you are not. For instance, do not lie by saying things like “I feel good when I’m around you,” and deep inside you know this is false.Maintain a respectful and genuine respect attitudeâ€"that can be seen and felt through your actions.Get to understand the causes of emotional unavailability.Be clear about your feelings, opinions, rights, and needs. Express yourself freely in a respectful manner (negative and attitude-loaded responses will put off your conversation instantly).Lastly, begin by acknowledging that emotionally unavailable people are not bad by default since it is okay to be emotionally unavailable at some point in life.Nevertheless, of course, be mindful and ensure that it does not take a tol l on your relationship forever.

Tips for Applying to Business School with a Low GPA

Applying to a top business school with a low GPA? Find out what you can do to mitigate your weaknesses and increase your chances of getting accepted. For a more detailed advice on how to get accepted to business school with low stats, register for our popular webinar: Get Accepted to B-School With Low Stats. For 1-on-1 guidance, work with an MBA admissions expert  who will  help you optimize your profile to  increase your chances of getting accepted. hbspt.cta.load(58291, '2c54cb38-f6f1-47ed-a68e-23b9e8d595fb', {}); For 25 years, Accepted has helped business school applicants gain acceptance to top programs. Our outstanding team of MBA admissions consultants features former business school admissions directors and professional writers who have guided our clients to admission at top MBA, EMBA, and other graduate business programs worldwide including Harvard, Stanford, Wharton, Booth, INSEAD, London Business School, and many more.  Want an MBA admissions expert  to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢Ã‚  What to Do About a Low GPA, a podcast episode †¢Ã‚  Do Low Stats Sink Your App? †¢Ã‚  How MBA Adcoms Evaluate Your GPA

An Introduction to Brownian Motion

Brownian motion is the random movement of particles in a fluid due to their collisions with other atoms or molecules. Brownian motion is also known as pedesis, which comes from the Greek word for leaping. Even though a particle may be large compared to the size of atoms and molecules in the surrounding medium, it can be moved by the impact with many tiny, fast-moving masses. Brownian motion may be considered a macroscopic (visible) picture of a particle influenced by many microscopic random effects. Brownian motion takes its name from the Scottish botanist Robert Brown, who observed pollen grains moving randomly in water. He described the motion in 1827 but was unable to explain it. While pedesis takes its name from Brown, he was not the first person to describe it. The Roman poet Lucretius describes the motion of dust particles around the year 60 B.C., which he used as evidence of atoms. The transport phenomenon remained unexplained until 1905 when Albert Einstein published a paper that explained the pollen was being moved by the water molecules in the liquid. As with Lucretius, Einsteins  explanation served as indirect evidence of the existence of atoms and molecules. At the turn of the 20th century, the existence of such tiny units of matter was only a theory. In 1908, Jean Perrin experimentally verified Einsteins hypothesis, which earned Perrin the 1926 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter. The mathematical description of Brownian motion is a relatively simple probability calculation, of importance not just in physics and chemistry, but also to describe other statistical phenomena. The first person to propose a mathematical model for Brownian motion was Thorvald N. Thiele in a paper on the least squares method that was published in 1880. A modern model is the Wiener process, named in honor of Norbert Wiener, who described the function of a continuous-time stochastic process. Brownian motion is considered a Gaussian process and a Markov process with continuous path occurring over continuous time. What Is Brownian Motion? Because the movements of atoms and molecules in a liquid and gas is random, over time, larger particles will disperse evenly throughout the medium. If there are two adjacent regions of matter and region A contains twice as many particles as region B, the probability that a particle will leave region A to enter region B is twice as high as the probability a particle will leave region B to enter A. Diffusion, the movement of particles from a region of higher to lower concentration, can be considered a macroscopic example of Brownian motion. Any factor that affects the movement of particles in a fluid impacts the rate of Brownian motion. For example, increased temperature, increased number of particles, small particle size, and low viscosity increase the rate of motion. Brownian Motion Examples Most examples of Brownian motion are transport processes that are affected by larger currents, yet also exhibit pedesis. Examples include: The motion of pollen grains on still waterMovement of dust motes in a room (although largely affected by air currents)Diffusion of pollutants in the airDiffusion of calcium through bonesMovement of holes of electrical charge in semiconductors Importance of Brownian Motion The initial importance of defining and describing Brownian motion was that it supported the modern atomic theory. Today, the mathematical models that describe Brownian motion are used in math, economics, engineering, physics, biology, chemistry, and a host of other disciplines. Brownian Motion Versus Motility It can be difficult to distinguish between a movement due to Brownian motion and movement due to other effects. In biology, for example, an observer needs to be able to tell whether a specimen is moving because it is motile (capable of movement on its own, perhaps due to cilia or flagella) or because it is subject to Brownian motion. Usually, its possible to differentiate between the processes because Brownian motion appears jerky, random, or like a vibration. True motility appears often as a path, or else the motion is twisting or turning in a specific direction. In microbiology, motility can be confirmed if a sample inoculated in a semisolid medium migrates away from a stab line. Source Jean Baptiste Perrin — Facts. NobelPrize.org, Nobel Media AB 2019, July 6, 2019.

Essay about Mgt 498 - Ethics - 910 Words

Ethics Student Name MGT/498 Due Date Instructor Ethics A business must operate with ethics as a guiding principle to be successful and profitable. A company that is publically traded bears a responsibility of being a good steward of the profits the company earns, for the stakeholders, employees, and clients. The social aspect of a company and ethics go hand-in-hand. If a business fails to act ethically responsible, the result of that behavior can affect it socially. â€Å"The concept of social responsibility proposes that a private corporation has responsibilities to society that extend beyond making a profit† (Wheelen amp; Hunger, 2010, pg. 72). When a company is established, it begins with a foundation constructed from an idea.†¦show more content†¦83). In the present day’s failing economy it is clear to see the consequences of unethical behavior and how it affects everyone involved. Unethical behavior not only affects the business, but also the employees, the stakeholders, When a business fails there is usually a rippling affect in the community and the general population. Enron The best example of unethical behavior can be gathered from Enron. â€Å"Enron, in particular, has become infamous for the questionable actions of its top executives† (Wheelen amp; Hunger, 2010, pg. 80). What occurred with Enron and where it went wrong was the Chief Operating Officer got greedy in addition to everyone else on the corporate ladder. Enron located in Houston, Texas, was an organization that operated commodities, paper, energy, electricity, and pulp products. Manuel Velasquez, an ethics professor at Santa Clara University wrote an article commenting on the many things that went wrong because of the federal government system that was in place. The regulations consist of a business having a set of ethics, but could bend the rules or manipulate the system if needed. The profession of business ethics has long needed a highly practical resource that is designed particularly for leaders and managers -- those people charged to ensure ethicalShow MoreRelatedMgt 498 Ethics Paper743 Words   |  3 PagesEthics Paper MGT 498 October 24, 2012 Ethics Paper The role of ethics and social responsibility aids organizations in developing a strong strategic plan, while addressing the needs of stakeholders. Ethics and social responsibility require social awareness to address the needs of the environment and to increase the knowledge of employees, which will lead to a corporation focused on supplying the customer with what is needed, managers equipped with solid decision-making abilities, and employeesRead MoreEthics Paper MGT/498852 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Ethics Paper MGT/498 Professor: The primary purpose of ethics and social responsibility is imperative to the way we do business and live amongst society. 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The Theory Of Criminal Behavior Essay - 2360 Words

Throughout history a lot of experts have tried to understand why some people feel the need to commit crimes, even though there have been harsh laws enforced for those who commit crimes. These people have come up with theories as to why people commit crimes to understand these theories, we must understand what a crime is and understand the definition of theories. Crime is a human conduct that violates the laws of a state or the federal government. There are different ways people view criminal behaviors either through the view of the social problem perspective which blames the society and the social responsibility which blames the person who committed the crime. Through these two perspectives we get the idea of theories. A theory is a comprehensive explanation about certain experiences which are based on facts that have been gathered overtime. These theories explain the mental reason people are more pushed to commit crimes. Theories like Robert Agnews’ General Strain Theory has given us an explanation as to phenomena criminal behavior. In 1992 strain theory was reformulated by Robert Agnew and called the general strain theory. Agnew felt as though that strain theory was not fully explaining the main reason people are pushed to commit crimes, so he came up with a theory he felt was a better explanation and a reason as to why crimes were committed. The concept of general strain theory comes from the idea that people commit crimes to use it as a means of copping with theShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Criminal Behavior955 Words   |  4 PagesThe theory I believe that explains criminal behavior and delinquency the best would be the Differential Reinforcement Theory, reviewed by Robert Burgess and Ronald Akers after it was criticized by C.R. Jeffery. 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The psychological approach to criminal behavior is categorized into the nurture sideRead MoreTheory of Criminal Behavior2402 Words   |  10 PagesRunning head: Theories of Criminal Behavior Theories of Criminal Behavior Theories of Criminal Behavior The beginning of civilization dawned a new era in which man came together to live amongst one another in relative peace and prosperity. The advent of civilization however also brought about people who choose to live a life outside of societal norms and law, norms and thus was the creation of the criminal. All civilizations tried to suppress and discourage crime by using aRead MoreThe Theory Of Criminal Behavior1333 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal behavior has been a difficult term to define over the years due to the many variables that must be taken into account in order to present an accurate definition. 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Such characteristics may be influenced by constitutional, personality attributes, and neurophysiologic or genetics factors. Likewise, criminal behavior is the commission of acts which in their situational and social settings are considered crimes due to the fact

Human Resource Development Hr Leadership And Its...

Human resource (HR) leadership has always been difficult in challenging times, but the unique stressors facing organizations throughout the world today call for a new approach to HR leadership and its development. We propose a multifaceted model that redefines the role of strategic HR leadership and for understanding connections between authentic HR leadership and sustainable organizational performance. that to build enduring organizations and motivate employees to provide superior customer service and create sustainable value for their organizations, we need HR leaders who know themselves, who lead with integrity and demand conformance to higher ethical values. Human resource development which represents the latest stage in long†¦show more content†¦Human resource system design and development the role involve designing and prepare human resource management system for implementation so that human resource systems organization and action are mutually reinforce and having maximum and endurance. Organizational change consultant the role means facilitating the development and implementation of strategies for transforming organizations Primary function human resource management can divide into primary and secondary function primary functions is directly involved with obtaining, maintaining and developing employee. Primary function included human resource planning, equal employment opportunity, staffing, recruitment, and selection (Agarwala, T. (2003. Deal with Compensation and benefit, employee, labor relation health, safety and security and human resource development. Secondary function included organization, job design, performance appraisal system, and research and information system. The objective of specific human resource development activities varies greatly or improving the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of individuals, career development potent efforts intended to assist the individual through a series of career stage and the organization development effort to enhance the effectiveness of the organization. The differing objective ,in turn, often determine of organization which other aspect of the board of human resource system should be more tightly integrated with particular human

Becoming the Woman or Man You Want to Be Free Essays

In present society, men and women alike are still bound to the stereotypes assigned to their respective sexes. While the gender situation has definitely improved today as compared to the past decades, the discrimination between the sexes is still present. The gender impositions are clearly restrictions. We will write a custom essay sample on Becoming the Woman or Man You Want to Be or any similar topic only for you Order Now The gender-role expectations of society hinder an individual from reaching their full potential, simply because the options provided for growth appear limited. This is the reason why it is liberating for both men and women to develop more flexible views regarding the said expectations. By adapting a flexible attitude with regards to gender roles, an individual can go beyond what is expected of them and their gender. In a way, it allows the person to break free from what he or she thought she should do and enjoy the freedom by doing what he or she wants to do. However, the gender problem can only be resolved if the change begins in the individual. The person must develop the flexible perspective himself or herself to be able to break free from one’s gender restrictions. As a woman, it is important for me to adapt the flexible view of gender expectations myself. Compared to men, women are more burdened by these expectations, as females are regarded as the weaker and more inferior sex. Therefore, I must learn to develop a more lenient viewpoint regarding gender roles because I am more affected by it. In the past, women were only expected to stay at home and devote themselves to their husbands and children. As a woman in modern society, I strive to go beyond that stereotype. There are so many options for women like me today, may it be in terms of family or profession. By developing a more flexible view on gender role expectations, I can liberate myself from the housewife stereotype and pursue a life of unlimited opportunities. If I want freedom, the change has to start from me. This is because if I believe that those expectations are the only ones I can pursue, I will remain restricted by my gender. Hence, it is very important for me as a woman to develop flexible views about gender role expectations. How to cite Becoming the Woman or Man You Want to Be, Papers

Comparative Analysis Paper Art History Essay Example For Students

Comparative Analysis Paper Art History Essay As I was browsing the galleries of the Metropolitan Museum of Art two paintings in particular quickly grabbed my attention. With striking similarities that echo throughout the composition, as well as differences ranging from the subtle to the obvious, these two works of art, when compared side by side, seem to have a conversation unlike any other. The first work, by French artist Nicolas Poussin, was The Abduction of the Sabine Women. It was an oil on canvas piece of work crafted during the mid 17th century during the baroque era. Located two galleries east of this painting was The Death of Socrates. This painting, by another French artist named Jacques Louis David, is also a work created using oil on canvas and was erected during the late 18th century. These two paintings were painted only a little over a century apart and while they share many similarities in their form, structure, and technique, they are also complete embodiments of the respective art styles existing during the er as to which they belong. The style of art used in The Abduction of The Sabine Women was defined by a movement known as baroque art. By definition Baroque art was thought of as a style of art that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance and grandeur in all forms of art. As you can see from Poussins composition, crowded with energized figures moving throughout the scene, as well as some figures who seem to be crying out in agony, reaching towards others in such a dramatic way, overall increasing the intensity of the scene.. No matter where you look in this painting there is always a figure doing something. This something can range from the horses in the background who almost get lost amidst all of the chaos to the man standing in the left foreground of the painting who seems to be looking into all of the chaos with probably the calmest demeanor of everybody present. This contrast between figures in the image really interested me. It forced me to wonder who was this man and why, while everybody around him seemed to be clustered together, moving and rushing around, was he looking on, saying or doing almost no more than just lifting his robe with a half smile on his face. I believe that this contrast is quintessential of the baroque period and without this figure, as well as the two behind him, maintaining this calm demeanor, the piece would not be as sound in composition. Having something like this figure in the foreground ties the chaos together giving me as the viewer time a place to rest my eyes from time to time. Upon reading the description of this piece I found that this figure was Romulus, who was an important figure in many classic roman myths, and the raising of the cloak was his signal to his men to begin the abduction of the women, which would explain his mood in the composition. I still feel as though his presence within the image was a conscious decision of the artist that has a direct effect on the composition of the painting. The style of art used in The Death of Socrates was defined by the art movement known as Neoclassicism. This art style is defined by exactly what it sounds like, a revival of classic art performed in ancient greece and rome. All of the art produced throughout this time period, beginning within the 18th century, drew its inspiration from the classical art and cultures of these two time periods and this painting, The Death of Socrates, is a very good example of this revival. The figures represented in the painting by Jacques Louis David are very symbolic of the figures often portrayed in greek sculpture. While there is no physical motion within the image, like the motion within The Abduction of The Sabine Women, the level of emotion depicted within the scene is extremely similar. .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13 , .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13 .postImageUrl , .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13 , .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13:hover , .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13:visited , .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13:active { border:0!important; } .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13:active , .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13 .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2e58e85878b8425d4f7b940f24728c13:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: GENDER DISCRIMINATION IN THE UNITED STATES MILITAR EssayThe disciples of socrates surround him in his dying moment with looks of agony and grief, some can not bare to look, while others are simply leaving the room due to the overall intensity of the scene. Regardless of the emotion drawn from the disciples within the scene everything is very orderly and neat. This being a recurring theme in many classical paintings. I feel as though most classical paintings have some sort of order to them which allows me as the viewer to look at them without being overwhelmed. The faces of the figures within the paintings are very detailed, however they lack emotion. ALl of the real emotio n within the piece is derived from the bodies of the figures. In The Abduction of The Sabine women, you can read the emotion of the people by looking at their faces, however, I can not say the same for the faces within The Death of Socrates. The faces have almost no emotion and stare blankly. While socrates raises his hand in a protest, or perhaps because he is saying something, his face remains stoic, and unchanged which conveys the emotion, or lack thereof in the scene. The two disciples behind him that look forward, also with blank stares on their faces just like socrates in front of him. It just seemed as though, while looking at this painting, it was hard for me to draw myself away from these three faces and how absolutely lifeless they were to me. They kept bringing me back and overall it affected the way I read the composition. Other quintessential elements of the classic art period that reside within this piece would have to be the color palette chosen. The tones are very muted, nothing too bright nor vibrant and also a profound use of both red and blue tones appear throughout the painting. The depth, as shown in the hallway to the left side of the painting and the overall fogginess of the painting, I feel, are also recurring themes that seem to happen throughout classical and neoclassical painting. In The Abduction of The Sabine Women there are no clear lines of sight to the back of the image, like the tunnel present in The Death of Socrates. Even with this tunnel the foreground of the image seems to lack depth and overall the painting seems very flat. By contrast, The Abduction of the Sabine Women has a lot of depth which could be due to the presence of all of the figures taking up the frame of the painting. There are many layers of characters within the image while The Death of Socrates really only has one or two layers present within it, thus making it appear flat as I was viewing the image. While painting these images and laying down the brush strokes the artists took very similar approaches. Theres very little remnant of the artists hand in the work, including the lack of a signature. Signatures seemed to be occurring a lot in paintings during this time period of the artistic world. The only difference I was able to see between the two artists styles, was the fact that, although it was a newer painting, The Death of Socrates had quite a few cracks displaced throughout. I found this weird because if this painting was over a century older than The Abduction of the Sabine Women then why would it looked more aged and disheveled? Perhaps this was a conscious choice by the artist to pay further homage to the classical artists where he took his influence from. The form in which the figures arranged the figures and subject matter within the image seem to resemble each other as well. Both sets of figures are very triangular, with the most important figures, Socrates and Romulus , being the top most point of the triangles. .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6 , .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6 .postImageUrl , .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6 , .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6:hover , .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6:visited , .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6:active { border:0!important; } .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6:active , .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6 .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf92f73d04bacf7d3dace58c6e3d9cbd6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Dredd Scott EssayThis is a significant theme that appears quite often in classic and renaissance art. Lastly, in regards to form I would like to mention the dimensions of these paintings. The abduction of the Sabine Women was notably larger than the Death of socrates. Height wise its about nine inches larger, and width wise it is about five inches longer. This difference allowed the artist to engrain more detail into every part of this painting which in turn allows me as the viewer to pick it apart much easier. I found both of these paintings extremely interesting and also good in their own respects. They are both very good examples of the styles of art that were going on during the times to which they belonged. While they were truly only about one hundred years apart, the two paintings had many differences that set the standard for the time periods that they were produced. They also shared many similarities, and themes that continue to echo into art even during modern times.

Emerging Trends in Open Innovation Strategy †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Open Innovation Strategy Management. Answer: Introduction This paper recognizes from the outset that given emerging trends in open innovation strategy, there is the formation of alliances and licensing for the transfer of inter-organizational technology is common (Ades, Figlioli, Sbragia, Porto, Ary Plonski, Celadon, 2013). In the current business environment, there is very high competition. The high level of competition requires that companies become innovative so that they can be competitive too. Every company is striving to achieve a competitive edge over others. This competitive advantage can only be sustained through increased innovation of new products and services. For this discussion, this paper has chosen Natura and W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. for an extensive debate. This article seeks to delineate how open innovation is central to success and opening up new opportunities for companies, provide a description of innovation in light managerial inputs and the forces that drive innovation in businesses. The W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. continually conducts research to ascertain the extent of application of technology. The research is focused on four critical areas that include fabrics, industrial, medical, and electronics (Brunswicker, Vanhaverbeke, 2015). The company is an American formed in 1958. It is estimated that the company has a total of seven thousand employees. The company has expanded its facilities in more than thirty countries. It suffices to mention that W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. is a company with a long tradition of innovation (Felin, Zenger, 2014; Brunswicker, Vanhaverbeke, 2015). Literature evidence shows that the company conducted product development within the organizational boundaries (Ades et al., 2013). Additionally, the research focused on the companys critical technical knowledge that was applied in-house (Hsieh, Hsieh, Huang, Huang, Lee, Lee, 2016). The W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. used to pursue closed innovation processes. It is worth noting that in th e recent past, W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. has actively collaborated with other companies in the innovation process. In collaborating with other companies to enhance innovation, W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. has employed a two-pronged approach (Hung, Chou, 2013). The first approach is based on the acquisition of technology from outside sources to implement internal research development (Cheng, Huizingh, 2014). The acquisition of technology relies on strategic alliances commonly referred to as the incoming technology transfer (King, Lakhani, 2013). The acquisition of technology requires the company to have the capacity to absorb and utilize knowledge from outside (Hsieh et al., 2016). The W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. for instance, formed a strategic alliance with Sefar AG. The strategic partnership with Sefar Limited was centered on the development of Architectural Fabrics Tech-textiles (Cui, Ye, Teo, Li, 2015). The second approach to enhancing open innovation by W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. is the exploitation of its technology in outbound open innovation (Lakhani, Lifshitz-Assaf, Tushman, 2013). This process is achieved through formulating licensing agreements that help in generating additional income (Brunswicker, Vanhaverbeke, 2015). The process requires W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. to transfer technological abilities outwards. For example, the W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. has licensed products that are made with Gore-Tex fabric and fibers (Hossain, 2015; Cui, Ye, Teo, Li, 2015). The innovation of W.L. Gore Associates thousands of products is virtually anchored only on one versatile polymer known as the polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE). The W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. has engineered this material to produce numerous functions. W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. has been granted over two thousand licenses across the world. These patents cover a broad range of areas of production such as medical services, processing of polymer, and electronics. The W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. applies open innovation and keeps control of core technologies and licenses. The company has given permission to its licensees to innovate in a particular field. The W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. uses product platform innovation (Hung, Chou, 2013). The product platform innovation entails the controlling of ePTFE and sharing it with external developers. In this arrangement, W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. remains the core provider of technology. The licensee is expected to innovate on the provided technology and consequently sell the finished product to the consumers. Additionally, external innovators and customers are allowed to transact freely provided that they are affiliated W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. which is the platform owner (Lakhani, Lifshitz-Assaf, Tushman, 2013; Cui, Ye, Teo, Li, 2015). The company maintains a considerable control on affiliates through the rules and regulations imposed on licensees. The platform design theory resembles that architect in which the W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. develops the architecture to necessitate platform design. In this case, external innovators are permitted to draw up the technology further. Natura is a Brazilian brand that is currently present in seven countries in South America including France. Natura has created a central unit that is headed by a vice-president who is in charge of the management of innovation, innovation, and, partnerships. The company is structured into three functions that include project and processes, intellectual protection, and relationship with partners (Brunswicker, Vanhaverbeke, 2015). The company exploits the process of forwarding partnerships. The three functions are organized in a manner that they enhance the productivity of the company (King, Lakhani, 2013; Lakhani, Lifshitz-Assaf, Tushman, 2013). Additionally, the management in Natura is tasked with identifying potential areas for investment and research partners such as universities and colleges (Ades et al., 2013). The implementation process and open innovation strategy in Natura are achieved through three core undertakings (Lakhani, Lifshitz-Assaf, Tushman, 2013). First, the company is promoting internal research in addition to the search for openness. Secondly, the company lays strong emphasis on the initiatives the teams that are responsible for partnerships. Thirdly, the company employs the bottom-up style of management to promote the flow of ideas and information (Ades et al., 2013). Employees are given greater priority to enhance innovativeness and creativity. The structure of Natura is designed to enhance innovativeness. The structure lays strong emphasis on teamwork and employees having mixed roles are placed in small teams for collaboration. On the other hand, in W.L. Gore Associates, Inc., employees are placed in small teams of between one hundred and fifty and two hundred so as to create a more personal setting. The personal environment is stressed so that there could be an interpersonal relationship among employees (Villarreal, Calvo, 2015). The interpersonal relationships are essential in enhancing innovation in the two companies. It suffices to mention that the innovative core has a profound impact on managerial consequences regarding the handling of employees in the two companies (Shipper, Manz, Stewart, 2013). It is vital to point out that the absorptive capacity is dependent on the path dependency. In this case, the absorptive capacity requires that companies possess the ability to assimilate, recognize, and application of external knowledge as far as learning and innovation processes are concerned (King, Lakhani, 2013; West, Bogers, 2014). A companys adsorptive capacity refers to the volume of technology that is being transferred based on the identification and the moving a companys technology portfolio Brunswicker, Vanhaverbeke, 2015). However, it is critical to note that in many circumstances company management does not allow outward transfer of technology or licensing of a particular technology (Lakhani, Lifshitz-Assaf, Tushman, 2013). Some of the technologies that may not be allowed for transfer are core technologies. This sanction is to prevent the loss of competitive edge and the competitive threats (King, Lakhani, 2013). The most important issue is driving force for innovation in both W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. and Natura. Indeed, the two companies are driven by demand-pull and a mix of technology-push to innovate (Lakhani, Lifshitz-Assaf, Tushman, 2013; Ades et al., 2013). In the case of W.L. Gore Associates, it has a long history of technology-push where it develops technology and markets it. Initially, the company saw the potential in polytetrafluoroethylene and later developed it into an expanded ePTFE. The expanded ePTFE contributed to a new application in electronics, medical, and fabric markets. The company makes a broad range of medical products that are applied in cardiothoracic, vascular, orthopedic surgeries, and plastics. Additionally, the company produces cables that are used in computers (Cui, Ye, Teo, Li, 2015). The fibers are used in the chemical processing and manufacture of pumps. Indeed, open innovation has enabled W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. to develop a broad range of product s for the market. It is imperative to note that customer taste and preferences in central to the open innovation process (West, Bogers, 2014). For both W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. and Natura, customer need is a key driver. The two companies apply consumer inspired innovations so as to create new products (Lakhani, Lifshitz-Assaf, Tushman, 2013). Understanding the emerging trends in customer needs ensures that a company remains to be relevant in the market (Hsieh et al., 2016). The focus on customer needs is a clear indication that demand-pull is vital in the innovation process (Felin, Zenger, 2014; Cui, Ye, Teo, Li, 2015). Both companies extensive use lead users to develop new products. Furthermore, both W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. and Natura are using new technology to turn ideas into new and unique products. The main reason as to why both W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. and Natura license their technology is to generate more revenue. The increased revenue base is essential to gaining and sustaining the competitive advantage (Nyln, Holmstrm, 2015; King, Lakhani, 2013). With the expanded technology, the two companies can access a large market base which has consequently increased their revenues. Additionally, both W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. and IBM apply strategic drivers selling products that meet customer needs. The sale of additional products is attained as a result of increasing demand (Saebi, Foss, 2015). The companies have been licensing weaker rivals to use their technology so that they can deter stronger competitors from entering the market (West, Bogers, 2014). The two companies desire to license technology is motivated by the need to learn and leads to compression of a companys learning curve (Shipper, Manz, Stewart, 2013). The two companies are licensing their technology so that they can strengthen their inter-organizational networks (Nyln, Holmstrm, 2015; West, Bogers, 2014). Licensing of technology is critical in increasing, maintaining, and expanding the network of the companies. Both W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. and Natura are capturing value from technology in the open innovation process. However, technology licensing can lead to reduced profits which might weaken competitive advantage (Pisano, 2015; King, Lakhani, 2013). Both W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. and Natura have developed dynamic capabilities to aid in technology licensing. These capabilities are achieved by continuous exploration of innovation so as to capture strategic and monetary opportunities (Vanhaverbeke, Cloodt, 2014; King, Lakhani, 2013). The two companies are keen to avoid possible adverse effects through systemization in the internal exploitation of technology (West, Bogers, 2014). The Natura has developed friendly and open corporate culture to create an innovative atmosphere. Just like W.L. Gore Associates, Inc., Natura has developed systems where there are formal bosses and have mechanisms and system for self-evaluation (Villarreal, Calvo, 2015). In the case of W.L. Gore Associates, Inc., employees are provided with incentives. These employees are allowed to have shares in the company. Conclusion The two companies are striving to enhance open innovation to improve their competitive advantage. The open innovation strategy employed by the companies to aimed at providing successful transfer of technology between organizations. From the ensuing discussion, licensing and strategic alliances is central to open innovation process. Both W.L. Gore Associates, Inc. and Natura are implementing a strategy focused on exploitation and exploration in their innovation undertakings. Despite the fact that it is important for a company to exploit its innovation, exploration and open innovation increases competitive advantage. In a nutshell, open innovation process requires sound managerial abilities to aid in the formulation of strategic alliances, prudent management of employees, and efficient licensing of technology to other partners. References Ades, C., Figlioli, A., Sbragia, R., Porto, G., Ary Plonski, G., Celadon, K. (2013). Implementing open innovation: The case of natura, IBM and Siemens. Journal of technology management innovation, 8, 57-57. Brunswicker, S., Vanhaverbeke, W. (2015). Open innovation in small and medium?sized enterprises (SMEs): External knowledge sourcing strategies and internal organizational facilitators. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(4), 1241-1263. Cui, T., Ye, H. J., Teo, H. H., Li, J. (2015). Information technology and open innovation: A strategic alignment perspective. Information Management, 52(3), 348-358. Cheng, C. C., Huizingh, E. K. (2014). When is open innovation beneficial? The role of strategic orientation. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(6), 1235-1253. Felin, T., Zenger, T. R. (2014). Closed or open innovation? Problem solving and the governance choice. Research Policy, 43(5), 914-925. Hossain, M. (2015). A review of literature on open innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 5(1), 1-12. Hsieh, C. T., Hsieh, C. T., Huang, H. C., Huang, H. C., Lee, W. L., Lee, W. L. (2016). Using transaction cost economics to explain open innovation in start-ups. Management Decision, 54(9), 2133-2156. Hung, K. P., Chou, C. (2013). The impact of open innovation on firm performance: The moderating effects of internal RD and environmental turbulence. Technovation, 33(10), 368-380. King, A., Lakhani, K. R. (2013). Using open innovation to identify the best ideas. MIT Sloan management review, 55(1), 41. Lakhani, K. R., Lifshitz-Assaf, H., Tushman, M. (2013). Open innovation and organizational boundaries: task decomposition, knowledge distribution and the locus of innovation. Handbook of economic organization: Integrating economic and organizational theory, 355-382. Nyln, D., Holmstrm, J. (2015). Digital innovation strategy: A framework for diagnosing and improving digital product and service innovation. Business Horizons, 58(1), 57-67. Pisano, G. P. (2015). You need an innovation strategy. Harvard Business Review, 93(6), 44-54. Saebi, T., Foss, N. J. (2015). Business models for open innovation: Matching heterogeneous open innovation strategies with business model dimensions. European Management Journal, 33(3), 201-213. Shipper, F., Manz, C. C., Stewart, G. L. (2013). WL Gore associates: developing global teams to meet 21st century challenges. The management of strategy: concepts and cases, 178-189. Vanhaverbeke, W., Cloodt, M. (2014). Theories of the firm and open innovation. New frontiers in open innovation, 256-278. Villarreal, O., Calvo, N. (2015). From the Triple Helix model to the Global Open Innovation model: A case study based on international cooperation for innovation in Dominican Republic. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 35, 71-92. West, J., Bogers, M. (2014). Leveraging external sources of innovation: a review of research on open innovation. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(4), 814-831.

Exercise Essays - Physical Exercise, Self Care,

Exercise Exercise gives you a feeling of happiness. Exercise also releases endorphins into the body, which give your body a natural boost. Endorphins are natural pain killers that give you a feeling of happiness and positive well being. They usually peak about one hour after exercise. Exercise can reduce pent up frustration. Stress can lead to higher levels of pent up frustration. This in turn can aggravate panic of phobic tendencies. Exercise can help to reduce this pent up frustration. Exercise can take your mind off your problems. Exercise can help to take your mind of your problems. How often have you been stressed after a hard day's work or worrying about paying a bill, only to have it all wash away as you take in a change of scene, kicking a ball, or running in a park. You look better. Exercise tones up your muscles, reduces weight and improves your health. This can make you feel better and improve your self esteem and confidence. While it may sound shallow, it is a significant affect for people who derive self-esteem from their looks. Exercise can provide social support. Exercise also gives you the opportunity to meet other similar minded people, especially exercise that involves others. Sharing your time with others can improve your mood and reduce your stress.

Disability Response Essay Essays

Disability Response Essay Essays Disability Response Essay Essay Disability Response Essay Essay According to Mairs, the only thing normal about seeing disabled people on TV was their daily appearance on a medical drama. As the time went by since 1987, Anaya wrote on how disabilities have become more normal in our everyday lives, however now mental illness is negatively portrayed in the media. Media has a misrepresentation of disability as a whole. Disability is portrayed as something to fear rather than something to embrace and except. In Disability, Mairs explained that people were never depicted by the media as being disabled and making the best of their situation. Instead media depicted these people as living lives that were overrun by their disability and as if disability determined if they should live. Because of this there is a fear of disability, a misrepresentation that does not portray disability as something that people can deal with or survive through. Currently the fear of disabled comes directly from what the media is displaying. Since 1987 disability has become more common to see on TV, even if it has nothing to do with the plot of a show. In Anayas essay on disability, she wrote that programs on TV imply that the proper response to mentally disabled is fear. The TV also shows mentally disabled as a threat to themselves and a threat to others. Anaya gave examples from the news one which a mentally disable had killed a person and after took his own life. This misrepresentation of the disabled is what is causing people fear. If the media didnt just portray mentally disabled as a threat but showed something positive, such as the Special Olympics, disability would no longer be a fear. Disability could be shown as something to embrace.

EQUITY AND TRUST Critically examine the contribution made by the trust Essay

EQUITY AND TRUST Critically examine the contribution made by the trust to the following area of law Unauthorised profits made by a fiduciary - Essay Example This is a right in property that is held in a fiduciary relationship by one party for the benefit of another. The person or the organization who/that holds the title to the trust property is trustee and the person who receives benefits is the beneficiary. The creation of trusts is generally a conjunction with a will and other elements of estate planning. There is a frame work for the validity and limitations of a trust. There is a code that governs the affairs of the estates of deceased owners and intestate properties. This even determines the place, the intestate properties have to go thus enabling the importance of trusts and making the limitations as guidelines. 2 The concept of trust is widely used in charity purposes. According to Charity Act 2006 in UK, the charity organization is the one that is established for charitable purposes or the one which falls to be subject to the control of the high court in the exercise of jurisdiction with respect to charities. 3 According to public benefit test of the charities act 2006The concept of trust involves public benefit also. The charitable organisations need to be delivering public benefits. This should be according to the guidance of charity commission for England and persuaded by them. The public benefit nature of the trusts may result in the unauthorised benefits or profits for the fiduciary. 4 4. Fiduciary Duty Fiduciary duty contains obligations regarding loyalty and faithfulness. The execution of duties regarding loyalty and faithfulness may result in accruing unauthorised profits for fiduciary. As there is a chance of making unauthorised profit from the property, the fiduciary should be in a position to avoid potential conflict. To avoid unauthorised profits, the fiduciary duty should restrain unconscious abuse of legal power and position. This is due to the fact that the profits accrued by fiduciary by exploiting the legal power and position will erode the benefits of the beneficiaries. This concept makes a rule of public policy necessary that can be strictly applied against trustees to encourage good behaviour in them. According to James LJ in the case Parker v Mc Kenna in 1874 the strict enforcement of exemplary fiduciary propriety is required for the safety of mankind. 4.1 Commercial Use of Property: The commercial use of property by a fiduciary can be seen in large organisations and public companies. The companies that do business and mobilise capital from public come under fiduciary for the funds gathered from the public. The governance issue will be entwined in the commercial fiduciary. As the virtues regarding social welfare are minimised there is a chance of unauthorised profits for the commercial fiduciary in the absence of transparency and strict guidelines about the usage of property. Some experts opine that the shareholder supervision and control is necessary for good governance by a fiduciary. As there is a widespread view that there the execution of the work by a fiduciary cannot be judged by just shareholder value, the voting of the shareholder in company's general meetings is made compulsory for institutional investors. This makes the beneficiaries (shareholders) as the owners of

Health Care for All Americans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Health Care for All Americans - Essay Example With this respect, this paper will critically expound on the basic reasons as to why health care should be to all Americans. Across America, there are many people from one side struggling to make both ends meet and on the other coping with a broken health care system. In addition, there are those who live completely without health care, others are striving to pay the hiking costs of Medicare, and more of them are joining the ranks of those uninsured. Agreeably, this is a shocking and terrible situation for super power like America! This growing health care crisis is not just a problem that should worry only the affected, but also places an endangering burden to the rest of the Americans as well. Furthermore, due to economic issues, small businesses are finding it difficult to insure their employees due to competitive and skyrocketing cost of insurance premiums. Most worrisome, much of the funds spend on health care services disappears through inefficiency and massive waste. Even Unit ed States tops the globe in health care expenditures (Collins 15). The administrative costs swallow 1 dollar out of every 4 dollars set aside for health care needs. That is not all, medical errors result to loss of lives of 100,000 Americans every year. With that follows a $100 billion dollar loss via drug prescription errors alone. Causes of Health Care Disparities in America Factors leading to health care disparities in the US vary and at the same time interrelate. Different groups have different underlying rates of illness due to environmental factors, generic predisposition, or lifestyle choices. They express different types of care-seeking behavior due to cultural beliefs, trust in the health care providers, and linguistic barriers (Herbage and Devanport 8). The ability of an individual to pay as well as his location and management of health care services influences all these factors. Race and ethnicity are significant factors determining whether an individual stands to receive care, whether an individual receives quality care, and assesses health care outcomes. Even after adjusting insurance income and status, racial and ethnic minorities tend to have limited access to heath care and receive lower quality of health care compared to non-minorities. Not surprisingly, the Americans’ top two concerns of healthcare are its increased costs and lack of access. Cognitively, today the cost of health care insurance is high and increasingly unaffordable even to working families. Documented evidence reveals that 6.2 percent of all US bankruptcies in 2007 related to medical expenses (Halvorson 7-8). People with medical insurance covers filed 78 percent of these bankruptcies whereas low-income uninsured majorities filled 38.3 percent of the same bankruptcies. In 2008, uninsured Americans were 46.3, a report released by the US Census Bureau. This figure represents 16.2 percent of the US economy, depicts that health care is the largest industry in the US, and emp loys more than 14 million people. Additionally, this impeding problem stretch to show that racial and ethnic disparities in health care persists even when comparing groups of similar socioeconomic status (Barr 87). For example, the

Emerging retail formats in india

Emerging retail formats in india Retailing has been defined as business activities involved in selling goods and services to consumers for their personal, family or household use (Berman and Evans, 2001). Although retailing has been around for millennia, the 20th century witnessed a lot of change in the retail sector, especially in the developed countries. Modern formats such as department stores, discount stores, supermarkets, convenience stores, fast food outlets, speciality stores, warehouse retailers and hypermarkets have emerged. Retailing has become more organized and chain stores have been growing at the expense of independent shops. The chains are utilizing sophisticated information technology and communication to manage their operations and have grown rapidly not only within their home countries like US, UK, France, Germany and Holland but to other developed countries. Walmart Stores, the US retailer, was recognized as the largest firm in terms of sales in 2002 in Fortune magazines list of 500 largest globa l firms. Modern retail formats have also spread beyond developed countries and are becoming more important in the NICs and developing countries. 3 The emergence of new formats and the evolution of modern retail in India has attracted attention in recent years. The business press in India has carried several articles and news items in the last three years about the modern formats (Shukla 2001; Anand Rajshekhar, 2001; Bhattacharjee, 2001). The consulting firm KSA Technopak has organized retail meetings or summits in major metros which have witnessed participation from major domestic and international retailers, and also from manufacturers. Venugopal (2001), has discussed the census studies of retail outlets that the market research firm ORG MARG conducted in the 1990s. This census provided data and estimates on a number of parameters relating to Indian retail such as number and type of outlets and growth of outlets over time separately for urban and rural areas. Due to these reports and activities, there is good deal of information available about what is happening in Indian retail. However Indian retailing has received sparse a ttention by way of academic research with the exception of a few articles in academic journals and some case studies. Purpose of the study. The purpose of this report is to develop an understanding of the factors influencing the evolution of modern formats in Indian retailing Objective of the study The report investigates modern retail developments and growth of modern formats in this country. The challenges and opportunities available to the retailers to succeed in this country. Literature review: Indian retailing is undergoing a process of evolution and is poised to undergo dramatic transformation. The retail sector employs over 8% of the national workforce but is characterized by a high degree of fragmentation with over 5 million outlets, 96% of whom are very small with an area of less than 50 m2 (Aggarwal, 2000). The retail universe more than doubled between 1978 and 1996 and the number of outlets per 1000 people at an All India level, increased from 3.7 in 1978 to 5.6 in 1996. For the urban sector alone, the shop density increased from 4 per 1000 people in 1978 to 7.6 per 1000 people in 1996 (Venugopal, 2001). Because of their small size, Indian retailers have very little bargaining power with manufacturers and perform only a few of the flows in marketing channels unlike in the case of retailers in developed countries, ( Sarma , 2000). The corner grocer or the kirana store is a key element in the retail in India due to the housewifes unwillingness to go long distances for purchasing daily needs. An empirical study was carried out by Sinha et al ( 2002) to identify factors that influenced consumers choice of a store. Although convenience and merchandise were the two most important reasons for choosing a store, the choice criteria varied across product categories. Convenience was indicated by consumers as the most important reason in the choice of groceries and fruit outlets, chemists and lifestyle items while merchandise was indicated as the most important in durables, books and apparel. The traditional formats like hawkers, grocers and paan shops co exist with modern formats like supermarkets, and non store retailing channels such as multi level marketing and teleshopping. Example of modern formats include department stores like Akbarallys , supermarkets like Food World, franchise stores like Van Heusen and Lee, discount stores like Subhiksha, shop-in-shops, factory outlets and service retailers ( Nathan , 2001). Modern stores tend to be larger, carry more stock keeping units have a self service format and an experiential ambience. Modern formats also tend to have higher levels of sales per unit of space, stock turnover and gross margin but lower levels of net margin as compared to traditional formats (Radhakrishnan, 2003). Modernisation in retail formats is likely to happen quicker in categories like Dry groceries, electronics, Mens apparel, Books, Music. Some reshaping and adaptation my also happen in Fresh groceries, Womens apparel, fast food, and personal care p roducts (Fernandes et al, 2000). In recent years, there has been a slow spread of retail chains in some formats like supermarkets, department stores, malls and discount stores. Factors facilitating the spread of chains are the availability of quality products at lower prices, improved shopping standards, convenient shopping and display, and blending of shopping withentertainment, and the entry of industrial houses like Goenkas, Rahejas, Piramals and Tatas into retailing ( Ramaswamy and Namakumari, 2002). However formats are not easily scalable across the country. Several companies have found that it is not easy to expand beyond some regions and cities as evident from the examples of Margin Free Market and Foodworld, which are active only in a few states or cities. Affordable real estate prices and availability of sufficient number of economically well off households in the catchment area are critical requirements that will determine new store viability and thus the possibility of further expansion (Anand and Rajashekhar, 2001). According to Rao (2001), foreign direct investment in the retail sector in India, although not yet permitted by government, is desirable, as it would improve productivity and increase competitiveness. New stores will introduce efficiency. Customers also gain as prices in the new stores tend to be lower. The consequences of modernization in India may be somewhat different due to lower purchasing power and the new stores may cater to only to branded products aimed at upper income segments. However it will be wise for old style stores to join together into wholesale and retail groups to improve bargaining power as experience in developed markets such as UK has shown that the modernization in retail has led to the decline of independent mom and pop stores. The need for a fresh perspective while developing theories to explain the new developments has been stressed by Bennett et al (1998). The Indian retail environment is witnessing several changes on the demand side due to increased per capita income, changing lifestyle and increased product availability. Experience of retailing in US shows that existing theories of retail development based on changing consumer needs, are inadequate to explain new developments. In developed markets, there has been a power shift with power moving from manufacturers towards retailers. The strategies used by retailers to wrest power include the development of retailers own brands, and the introduction of slotting allowances which necessitate payments by manufacturers to retailers for providing shelf space for new products. Retailers have also used technology effectively to obtain usable information about consumer buying patterns. The increased power of retailers has led to the introduction of new tactics b y manufacturers such as everyday low pricing, partnerships with retailers and increased use of direct marketing methods. Because of these issues, a supply side perspective needs to be fused with the demand side in developing theories for explaining modernization in retail. Research design: In order to fulfill the objectives of the study primary as well as secondary data have been collected to analyze the trends in modern retail formats meticulously. To analyze the emerging trends in shoppers behavior 30 shop keepers from 6 Malls operating in Ahmedabad will be interviewed. And for the rest part of the country secondary data published by different research institutions like TSMG, CSSO, Future Group, NCAER etc have been considered to draw the key inferences.